A) An excitatory postsynaptic potential occurs if the excitatory effect is greater than the inhibitory effect but less than threshold. b. Sensory afferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. Preganglionic neurons are short and synapse in ganglia located near the spinal cord. B) large nerve fibers a. interneuron. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE REGARDING UMNS ? Diminished cerebral blood flow increases oxygen to neurons. The nervous system most dominant while relaxing is the: In addition to diffusion, what are two other mechanisms that terminate neurotransmitter activity? D) tracts, The term central nervous system refers to the ________. (b) They have extreme longevity. 10. What is a credit line? Just what does pass from the neurons to the muscle c. Neurons are specialized cells that can do which of the following that most other cells cannot do? C) Group B fibers are highly myelinated and have the highest conduction velocities. Motorneurons release acetylcholine at: 8. b. Pons b. procedural memory. When information is delivered within the CNS simultaneously by different parts of the neural pathway, the process is called ________ processing. a. pituitary gland. Discovering that someone has glial scars means suggests that: 6. C) action potential Neuroglia (a) conduct electrical impulses, (b) are nerve stem cells, (c) are support cells that aid neurons, (d) are an abnormal growth of neural tissue. D) spinal cord and spinal nerves, The substance released at axon terminals to propagate a nervous impulse is called a(n) ________. Identify the following: Acetylcholinesterase would be found in the synapse between neurons for this branch of the ANS and the effector cells. These neurons are inhibitory neurons, meaning they release neurotransmitters that keep other neurons from firing. People throughout history (has, have) been fascinated by the moon. The prefrontal cortex is important for working memory function. C) proteins have been resynthesized A. They secrete acetylcholine. Like the heart, lungs, and stomach, the nervous system is made up of specialized cells. 1. D) found in the retina of the eye, Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? What are ciliated CNS neuroglia that play an active role in moving the cerebrospinal fluid called? . ATP neurotransmitters have what basic effect on the body? 51. The plasma membrane of the neuron is semipermeable, being highly permeable to K + and slightly permeable to Cl and Na +.In the extracellular fluid, electroneutrality is preserved by a balance between a high concentration of Na + on the one hand and a high concentration of Cl , as . Which of the following is NOT characteristic of nervous tissue in the brain a. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Neuroglia that control the chemical environment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are _____., Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? These gases are neurotransmitters that act indirectly. c. Astrocytes 13. D) astrocytes, What does the central nervous system use to determine the strength of a stimulus? High metabolic rate C. Require continuous supplies of glucose and oxygen D. Extreme longevity E. No exceptions; all of these are characteristic of neurons. 22. Group C fibers are not capable of saltatory conduction. Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________. Identify the cell type below that assists the function of neurons and has a supportive role within the nervous system? Briefly describe 6 effects this division has on the body. The cerebral cortex has features called gyri and sulci. d. astrocytes. As specifically as you can, outline the steps you would take to insert and express the gene for a new, nutritious seed protein in wheat. Local anesthetics block voltage-gated Na+ channels, but they do not block mechanically gated ion channels. C) innervation of glands d. Cingulate cortex. All of the following describe functions for cerebrospinal fluid except: Stimulation of initial axon segment What is the role of acetylcholinesterase? A gap between Schwann cells in the peripheral system is called a(n) ________. a. Basal ganglia 25. The patient is noncompliant and needs additional monitoring. 24, 25 There were 255 and 319 . d. represent a general decline of autonomic nervous system activity. They may live as long as the organism they are part of, and they have an exceptionally high metabolic rate, requiring large amounts of glucose and oxygen to produce ATP. It stores energy reserves. c. Motor efferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. The preclinical phase of AD, which can last 10 to 20 years, is characterized by the gradual accumulation of -amyloid and tau aggregates in the brain, together with neuroinflammation and synaptic alterations ().Several lines of evidence indicate that -amyloid deposition precedes . A. B) They have extreme longevity. Neurons are found across the body but are most numerous in the brain. c. cause the release of neurotrophins. c. neurons. Question. The person would have impaired movement while the drug's effects were active. In this issue, Zhao et al. c. sensory and motor neurons that su. a. What are the two(2) functional neuron types that are structurally multipolar neurons? A) Cells with gap junctions use chemical synapses. It impacts your spinal cord and the nerves that transmit and receive messages between your brain and the rest of your body. When a gene is activated, a specific DNA segment is unraveled and transcribed onto: d. transcription factor. cells would most likely be responsible? Which of the following is false or incorrect? A . d. M1. The midbrain contains the: 20. March 17, 2022. c. hindbrain. a. it is not an increase in membrane potential b. causes the voltage of the internal membrane towards zero c. inside the membrane becomes more positive than resting potential d. lowers the probability of producing an action potential e. none of the above. Which of the following is a factor that determines the rate of impulse propagation, or conduction velocity, along an axon? Which of the following is NOT a function of astrocytes? If a loud noise made you jump, which structure was most likely responsible for this B. Myelin prevents the conduction of electricity from the axon hillock to the axon terminal. 75. A) long distance signaling b. Somatic Nervous System 19. Do not divide - (neural stem cells are an exception) 3. C) An inhibitory postsynaptic potential occurs if the inhibitory effect is greater than the excitatory, causing hyperpolarization of the membrane. C) They can be called postsynaptic potentials. C) are crucial in the production of neurotransmitters If a drug severely depressed the functioning of the medulla, which of the following might be Oligodendrocytes form: If a neuroscientist described a structure as more lateral to a particular area, this means that: How can a single axon respond to several different kinds of events? Which of the following is not a characteristic of ion channels? They propel cellular components along microtubules. D) positively charged and contains more sodium. Which of the following is not true concerning the structural classification of neurons? Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? 12. c. a Mendelian disease. d. Polymorphism, 50. a. basal ganglia The cerebellum is located in the: d. neuromuscular junctions. b. oligodendrocytes. A patient is admitted to the hospital with exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS). A) They conduct impulses. d. the structure is anterior to the area. which ofthe following is correct? 78. A) a change in sodium ion permeability Its cell body is in an autonomic ganglion outside the CNS. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) are "firing," but due to the neurotransmitter released and its action, the postsynaptic neuron is inhibited from "firing" (hyperpolarized). c. somatic nervous system. b. Characteristics Of Neurons. a. Alzheimer's disease. If a physician identified her patient as a low drug metabolizer, which of the following is most a. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? It is composed of densely packed cells. What two physiological characteristics are highly developed in the neurons? 30. 45. a. corpus callosum. copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. nerve impulses) Need constant supply of nutrients and oxygen O All of the listed answer choices . b. Reactive astrocytes Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease in which the myelin sheaths are destroyed. Which of the following is NOT a type of circuit? Even though someone is diagnosed with MS, the axons are not damaged. It is the main component of the nervous system- both the central nervous and peripheral nervous system. To reveal how individual NAc neurons respond to reward, we implanted gradient index (GRIN) lenses in the NAcLat and the NAcMed and recorded single-neuron calcium activity using a miniature head-mounted microscopy (Figures 2 A and 2B). C) leakage channel a) Myelinated axons transmit nerve impulses via continuous conduction. What function is served by the increased axon diameter at the nodes of Ranvier? a. temporal lobe. Neurons require continuous and abundant supplies of oxygen, and cannot survive for more than a few minutes without it. - Neurons have one or more long, slender projections called dendrites, which receive electrical impulses from other neurons. B) Ions always move passively across membranes. d. Activation of postganglionic parasympathetic neurons, 65. D) potassium, Nerve cell adhesion molecules (N-CAMs) ________. During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative. a) anchor neurons to blood vessels b) control the chemical environment around neurons c) Provide the defense for the CNS d) support and brace neurons e) guide the migration of young neurons, synapse. They have extreme longevity. Current flows continuously, Local current flows A neuron is a cell that communicates with the brain. The pathogenesis of the sudden disruption of neurologic function is unknown; it probably involves dysregulation of the reticular activating system in . C) They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate. Damage to the ________________ could cause changes to one's motivation to eat, such as b. Interneurons. Describe the types of neurons, their structure and their function. The reticular activating system includes all of the following structures except: A neuron was found to originate in the hippocampus and terminate in the prefrontal cortex. Neuroglia that control the chemical environment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are ________. Responding to brain injury is an important function of astrocytes. b. cerebellum. C) Sodium gates will open first, then close as potassium gates open. b. Ventral root C) microglia d. temporal lobe. Which of the following is true about the movement of ions across excitable living membranes? [25] designed a voltage output feedback controller, which uses the neural network feed-forward (NNFF) with the harmony search algorithm (HSA) to control the PEMFC output voltage. a. visual information. C. Afferent. B) amplitude of various sizes capacity of divide via mitosis due to absence of centrosomes. A drug that inhibited the reticular activating system would most likely cause: What are the functional classifications of neurons? a. microglial cells. When activated, shortens C. Found in the brain and spinal cord. Polygenic inheritance is the inheritance of traits that are influenced by multiple genes. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue? d . 2. A postsynaptic cell can be a neuron, a muscle cell, or a secretory cell. a. Pons True or False, The overlapping functions of the nervous system are sensory input, integration, and motor output. d. prefrontal cortex. Cold sores on the skin of the mouth occur when herpes simplex viruses that are dormant in neural ganglia become active and travel to the skin of the mouth.